Key references
Paracetamol: Leopoldino A., Machado, G., Ferreira, P., Pinheiro, M., Day, R., McLachlan, A., . . . Ferreira, M. (2019). Paracetamol versus placebo for knee and hip osteoarthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(2). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013273 paracetamol vs placebo
Tramadol Toupin April, K., Bisaillon, J., Welch, V., Maxwell, L. J., Jüni, P., Rutjes, A. W. S., . . . et al. (2019). Tramadol for osteoarthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(5). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005522.pub3
Other opioids: da Costa, B. R., Nüesch, E., Kasteler, R., Husni, E., Welch, V., Rutjes, A. W. S., & Jüni, P. (2014). Oral or transdermal opioids for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(9). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003115.pub4
Dulextine Gao, S.-H., Huo, J.-B., Pan, Q.-M., Li, X.-W., Chen, H.-Y., & Huang, J.-H. (2019). The short-term effect and safety of duloxetine in osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 98(44), e17541. doi:10.1097/md.0000000000017541
NSAIDS: Smith, S. R., Deshpande, B. R., Collins, J. E., Katz, J. N., & Losina, E. (2016). Comparative pain reduction of oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids for knee osteoarthritis: systematic analytic review. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 24(6), 962-972. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2016.01.135